Two objects cost 1.10 - one costs 1 more than the other. How much is the cheaper object?

Did you answer 0.10? It's instinctive for many people to answer that way - but that would mean the more expensive object is 1.10, and that means we've gone over the stated total cost. Simple algebra would tell us the correct answer is 0.05.

It's an easy question, but it's hard in the sense that we don't stop to think about it more. We're trapped in the mode of thinking where we favor knee-jerk reactions. It would be fine if our instincts were something like what Aristotle wrote about as correct beliefs - we don't know why it's correct, we just gravitate to the answer. But in real life those correct beliefs have to be tempered with experience; experience is what gives you fingertip feel - fingerspitzengefühl - or the correct beliefs in the first place. Experience also tells you when to stop rushing into something and take your time to suss the answer out.

This is by far not an easy thing; too often we find that these two systems of the brain are at cross-purposes in certain situations. On the one hand, punching him in the face would feel so good; on the other, I'd be sacrificing my livelihood. Decisions, decisions...